Varicocele (Testicular Vein Enlargement)
Description
An enlargement of one or more veins within the scrotum forms a varicocele. They are similar to varicose veins in the leg and result in pooling of blood, causing the enlargement of the scrotum. They are the most common cause of low sperm production and decreased sperm quality, and can be associated with infertility. It is a common disorder affecting 1 in 6 men. Due to the venous drainage of the testicles, they are more commonly found on the left.
Symptoms
Enlarged and twisted veins in the scrotum, infertility, painless testicle lump, scrotal swelling, palpable bulge within the scrotum. Some patients are without symptoms.
Tests
A history and physical exam will be performed. A testicular ultrasound is sometimes performed to rule out other causes of the symptoms.
- UA
- Ultrasound
Treatment
Therapy depends on the severity of the disorder and includes: a scrotal support (jock strap), snug underwear, surgery (varicocelectomy), or varicocele embolization.
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