Signs of Toxic shock syndrome

Toxic Shock Syndrome

Description

Caused by a bacterial infection, most often streptococci or staphylococci. The bacteria can grow in areas such as: retained vaginal tampons, nasal packings, abscesses, or surgical wounds. The bacteria produce toxins that cause the symptoms and the damage to the body. This disorder primarily affects young adults, particularly menstruating women. The onset of symptoms is sudden and frequently progresses very rapidly. Shock and death can occur.

Symptoms

High fever, widespread red rash resembling a sunburn (particularly involving the hands and soles of the feet), weak pulse, chills, malaise, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, redness of the mucosal membranes (eyes, mouth, throat), confusion, seizures, headaches, muscle ache, hypo tension (low blood pressure), a rash that peels 2 weeks after appearance.

Tests

A history and physical exam will be performed. There is no one diagnostic test. The diagnosis is made based on identifying a high fever, low blood pressure, the distinctive rash, and damage to three organ symptoms.

Standard Workup

CBC
Chem 12
BHCG
UA
X-Ray
EKG
CT Scan

Treatment

The sources that could be harboring the bacteria must be removed or drained including: any foreign materials (tampons, vaginal sponges, nasal packing), abscesses, or sites of infection. Treatments to restore the patient's vital functions will be delivered including: intravenous fluids, medications to increase the blood pressure, supplemental oxygen including mechanical ventilation, and dialysis if kidney failure is present. Intravenous antibiotics will also be administered.