Supracondylar Fracture (Elbow Fracture)
Description
Fractures of the elbow are common in children and the supracondylar fracture is the most common type. They occur through the growth plate of the humerus (above the elbow joint). These injuries most often occur after falling on an outstretched arm. The most common age is 5-7 years old. These injuries can have associated injuries to the nerves and the blood vessels, and can swell significantly in the elbow causing an orthopedic emergency termed compartment syndrome.
Symptoms
Elbow pain, elbow swelling, decreased motion, deformity of the elbow, numbness of the hand, weak pulse in the wrist.
Tests
A history and physical exam will be performed. A X-ray is done to establish the diagnosis.
- X-Ray
Treatment
Treatment involves reduction of the fracture and possibly surgery. If there is an associated nerve or vascular injury this is an emergency. Occasionally bleeding in the elbow can be severe enough to require surgery to reduce the swelling.
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