Splenic Infarction (Death Of Spleen)
Description
Occurs when the spleen dies secondary to blockage of the blood vessels leading to the spleen. The spleen is located in the left upper abdomen under the ribs. This organ removes old red blood cells from the serum and holds red blood cells for emergency use by the body. The spleen is also important in fighting infection by removing bacteria covered by the body's antibodies. Splenic infarction can occur in the following conditions: enlarged spleens, atrial fibrillation, artificial heart valves, infected heart valves, hypercoagulable states, cancer, and trauma to the spleen.
Symptoms
Abdominal pain in the left upper abdomen, left flank pain, fever, chills, vomiting, left shoulder pain.
Tests
A history and physical exam will be performed. Tests to identify the infarction and the cause of the disorder will be done.
- CBC
- Chem 12
- CT Scan
- MRI
- Ultrasound
Treatment
Most patients with splenic infarctions are observed first in the hospital then at home. If they do not have abdominal pain, vomiting, fever, or other serious symptoms no other treatment is required. Surgery may be indicated in the presence of bleeding, abscess formation, or development of a pseudocyst. All patients who have a non-functioning spleen should be evaluated for vaccination against the pneumococcus, hemophhilus and meningococcus bacteria.
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