Signs of Shin splints (Tibial stress syndrome)

Description

Refers to pain in the shin secondary to overuse of the leg. The pain can arise from inflammation of the bone (tibia), the muscle or connective tissue. The most common causes are ill-fitting shoes, over training, and running on hard surfaces. Patients who have fallen arches (flat feet) are also more likely to suffer from this problem. Prevention is the best medicine with shin splints and the following are recommended to reduce the risk of this disorder: 1) Do not increase running distances by more than10% per week; 2) Avoid running on hard surfaces; 3) Wear shoes that fit well and are made for running long distances; and 4) Stretch the muscles of the lower leg and ankle.

Symptoms

Pain in the front and back of the shin, pain that is worse in the beginning of the exercise session, mild swelling of the front of the lower leg, pain with bending the toes or foot downward. If the disorder continues the pain may be present even when the patient is not exercising.

Tests

A history and physical exam will be done. An x-ray is often taken to rule out fracture and sometimes an MRI will be performed as well.

Standard Workup

MRI
X-Ray

Treatment

Therapy includes all of the following depending on the severity of the symptoms: 1)rest, ice to the shin, elevation of the leg, and anti-inflammatory medications; 2)wearing appropriately fitting running shoes; 3) using orthotic insoles to improve over rotation of the foot (supination or pronation) or fallen arches; and 4) using taping techniques to support the shin while running.