Scalded Skin Syndrome
Description
A skin infection caused by the bacteria Staphylococcus. The bacteria produces a toxin that damages the skin and causes it to shed. The red and pealing skin resembles a burn giving this disorder its name. The disease most commonly affects children less than 5 years old. Fluid loss from the blisters can cause dehydration and problems with the patient's blood chemistry. Left untreated the bacteria can enter the blood stream and lead to a life threatening infection (sepsis). With the appropriate treatment full recovery is usually achieved.
Symptoms
Fever, irritability, and decreased activity. The skin blisters, becomes red, and large areas peel away. The rash is painful and gentle pressure causes the skin to slide away and become detached (Nikolsky's sign).
Tests
A history and physical will be done. The diagnosis is generally made from the characteristic skin rash. Blood tests and blood cultures may be performed. At times a skin biopsy is done to confirm the diagnosis.
- Blood cultures
- CBC
- Chem 12
Treatment
Intravenous antibiotics to kill the staphylococcus bacteria and intravenous fluids are needed. Pain medication may be given as well. Moist compresses can be applied to the skin for comfort. The skin generally heals 10 days after treatment.
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