Signs of Rubella (German measles)

Rubella (German Measles)

Description

A contagious viral infection with mild symptoms associated with a characteristic rash. The disease is almost unheard of in the U.S. because of the MMR (Measles/Mumps/Rubella) vaccine given to children. The disease is most serious for pregnant women in their first trimester that are not immune and become infected. 80% of fetuses exposed to rubella in the first 11 weeks of gestation experience rubella congenital syndrome. Rubella congenital syndrome consists of growth retardation, cataracts, deafness, heart defects, mental retardation and fetal death. Rubella, once was known as German measles

Symptoms

Low-grade fever (102 F or lower), headache, general fatigue (malaise), runny nose, bloodshot eyes, rash that begins on the face and spreads to the body, muscle or joint pain.

Tests

A history and physical exam will be performed. A blood test for antibodies against rubella can be done. Nasal or throat swab for viral culture can also be performed for an acute infection

Treatment

There is no specific treatment for rubella. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen (Motrin/Advil) can be given to reduce the fever. Pregnant women who contract the disease will need to discuss special treatment options including hyperimmune globulin with their doctors. The treatment of congenital rubella syndrome is for the defects that may be present.