Signs of Rotavirus infection (Intestinal viral infection)

Rotavirus Infection (Intestinal Viral Infection)

Description

A virus that infects the intestinal tract causing vomiting and diarrhea. It is the most common cause of severe vomiting and diarrhea in children and kills 600,000 children a year worldwide. Almost all children have had the infection by their third birthday, but will no longer exhibit signs of infection because of built up immunity. Children between the ages of 6-24 months are at greatest risk for severe infections.

Symptoms

Abdominal pain, abdominal cramping, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting.

Tests

A history and physical exam will be performed. Tests that examine stool samples are used to identify the specific virus or rule out a bacterial cause. Other tests to identify severity of the dehydration may be performed.

Standard Workup

CBC
Chem 12
UA

Treatment

The goal of treatment is to prevent dehydration. Fluids and electrolytes (salt and minerals) lost by vomiting and diarrhea will be replaced and depending on the severity of the dehydration will be done orally or with an intravenous catheter. Medications for vomiting either orally or intravenously may be given. Antibiotics do not work for viruses and are not administered. Anti diarrheal medications are generally not given, as they may prolong the infectious process. A Rotavirus vaccine (RotaTeq, Rotarix) can prevent recurrent infections.