Rib Fracture (Broken Bone)
Description
Commonly occurs after blunt trauma to the chest. They are more common in the elderly or in those with weak bones, and in this group can occur with coughing. The underlying lung can be injured causing a collapsed lung (pneumothorax) or bruise of the lung (contusion). Multiple rib fractures can prevent normal respiration and be life threatening.
Symptoms
Chest pain, localized chest pain with breathing, chest tenderness, air in the soft tissue of the chest, shortness of breath.
Tests
A history and physical exam will be performed. The diagnosis is made with X-rays and a CT scan. A CT scan is more sensitive and can detect other injuries.
- X-Ray
- CT Scan
Treatment
The goals of therapy are pain relief and preventing a lung infection from not taking deep enough breaths. Treatment includes: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications/NSAIDs (ibuprofen/Motrin or Advil, naproxen/Naprosyn), pain medications such as acetaminophen (Tylenol), nerve blocks (injection of anesthetic around the nerve of the rib), and incentive spirometry (breathing exercises to ensure deep breaths are being taken). Further treatment depends on the age and health of the patient and any associated injuries.
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