Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy
Description
Also called Type 1 complex regional pain syndrome. A disorder that causes chronic pain, tenderness, sweating and swelling of the affected area. The arms and legs are most often involved. The exact cause of this disorder is not known but is thought to involve damage to the nerves resulting in the symptoms experienced. Complex regional pain syndrome usually occurs after an injury or surgery to the area. There are two types: Type 1 involves an injury or insult to the affected area but no injury to the nerve can be identified; In Type 2 an injury to the nerve has occurred. Most people suffer from Type 1 and this type used to be called Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy.
Symptoms
In the affected area the patient experiences pain, burning pain, redness, swelling, changes in hair growth, sensitivity to cold or heat, brittle nails, stiff joints.
Tests
A history and physical exam will be performed. Lab and imaging tests are performed to rule out other causes of the symptoms. Nerve tests such as electromyography and nerve conduction studies also can be performed to further evaluate the nerve tissue.
Treatment
Treatment depends on the extent of the disease and may consist of physical therapy, medications to control pain, nerve blocks or trigger point injections.
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