Ramsay Hunt Syndrome (Varicella Infection)
Description
A disorder of the brain and nervous system that occurs when a virus (varicella zoster) infects the facial nerve near the inner ear. This leads to irritation, swelling, and the neurologic deficits experienced. Affected patients experience paralysis of certain facial nerves (facial palsy) and a rash affecting the ear or mouth.
Symptoms
Hearing loss on one side. Painful rash on the: eardrum, tongue, and/or roof of the mouth (palate) on the same side as the facial weakness. Sensation of things spinning around (vertigo), weakness of the face with difficulty closing one eye, facial droop.
Tests
A history and physical exam will be performed. Imaging studies are done to rule out other causes of the symptoms. A nerve conduction test can be performed to measure the damage done to the nerve.
- CT Scan
- MRI
Treatment
Treatment involves the following medications: antiviral medications (acyclovir, famciclovir), steroids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications/NSAIDs (ibuprofen/Motrin or Advil, naproxen/Naprosyn) and pain medications such as acetaminophen (Tylenol). Eye patching is done to prevent drying out of the cornea and an abrasion.
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