Signs of Pulmonary edema (Abnormal lung fluid)

Description

Fluid in the air sacs (alveoli) of the lung. The fluid moves from the small blood vessels in the lung (capillaries) into the air sacs when there is damage to the lung, or if there is a back up of pressure from the heart. This fluid (edema) in the air sacs prevents normal oxygen exchange and if left untreated can be lethal. Common causes include: heart failure, heart attack, heart valve dysfunction, pneumonia, toxins, smoke inhalation (from a fire), kidney failure, high altitude exposure, or adverse drug reactions.

Symptoms

Shortness of breath, difficulty breathing, grunting or gurgling sounds with breathing, wheezing, increased shortness of breath with lying down (orthopnea), cough, anxiety, restlessness, excessive sweating, pale skin.

Tests

A history and physical exam will be performed. Tests to identify the pulmonary edema and its cause will be done.

Standard Workup

CBC
Chem 12
Troponin
UA
X-Ray
EKG

Treatment

The goal of treatment is to supply oxygen, remove the fluid build-up, and reverse the cause of the fluid. Oxygen is given through a face mask, nasal canula, BiPAP (Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure), or may require mechanical ventilation. Medications to reduce the fluid in the lungs include: diuretics and blood pressure control. The cause of the fluid build up should be rapidly identified and treated. For additional information contact the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Health Information Center at: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov or call (301)592-8573. American Lung Association: (800)586-4872 National Jewish Medical and Research Center: (800)222-5864