Pseudotumor Cerebri (Elevated Brain Pressure)
Description
Elevation of the cerebrospinal fluid pressure within the brain. Typically the cause is never found. The disorder can put pressure on the optic nerve and cause visual problems as well as headache and vomiting. It is most commonly seen in young obese women.
Symptoms
Headache, buzzing sound in the ears (tinnitus), dizziness, nausea, double vision (diplopia), blurred vision. The symptoms may get worse during physical activity.
Tests
A history and physical exam will be performed. The examination may reveal swelling of the optic nerve in the eye (papiledma). A CT scan and/or MRI is usually performed. The diagnosis is confirmed by doing a lumbar puncture and measuring the pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid.
- CT Scan
- MRI
Treatment
The goal of therapy is to reduce the pressure in the brain and save the eyesight. Close monitoring of the eyes will be necessary. Treatment includes: a lumbar puncture to relieve pressure within the brain, fluid and salt restriction, steroids, acetazolamide, furosemide, and/or surgery. Surgery consists of a cerebrospinal fluid shunting procedures to relieve the pressure.
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