Signs of Primary affective disorder (Depression)

Primary Affective Disorder (Depression)

Description

A mental state or chronic mental disorder characterized by feelings of sadness, loneliness, despair, helplessness, low self-esteem, and self-reproach. Other signs include psychomotor retardation (lack of energy or imitative), less frequently agitation, withdrawal from social contact, insomnia, decreased appetite and/or a vegetative state. The symptoms can become severe enough to cause self harm or suicide.

Symptoms

Sadness, despair, helplessness, lack of energy, increased sleeping, decreased sleeping, loss of appetite, suicidal thoughts.

Tests

A history and physical exam will be performed. Additional tests to rule out other causes of the symptoms may be done including: thyroid function tests, electrolytes, or a brain CT scan.

Treatment

Antidepressants and psychotherapy are the mainstays of treatment. Psychiatric hospitalizations may be needed for severe symptoms and for those with suicidal thoughts. For patients who fail to respond to medications and psychotherapy electroconvulsive treatment (ECT) may be an option. Any patient who feels life is not worth living needs to seek medical care immediately. Help is available for patients 24 hours a day at the the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline: 1-800-273-TALK (1-800-273-8255); TTY: 1-800-799-4TTY (4889).