Polycystic Kidney Disease
Description
An inherited renal disorder characterized by the presence of multiple cysts in both kidneys. Cysts are noncancerous round sacs containing water-like fluid. Cysts can develop in other organs. The most serious effects of the disease are kidney failure and high blood pressure. Some patients have increase risk of developing cerebral aneurysms.
Symptoms
Abdominal pain or tenderness, blood in the urine, excessive urination at night, flank pain on one or both sides, high blood pressure, joint pain, nail abnormalities, painful menstruation, headaches.
Tests
A history and physical exam will be performed. The diagnosis and extent of the disease can be determined with the following tests: abdominal ultrasound, abdominal CT scan, abdominal MRI scan, IVP, and blood tests to measure kidney function. Patients with headaches may need tests to rule out an associated cerebral aneurysm.
- CBC
- Chem 12
- UA
- CT Scan
- Ultrasound
Treatment
Therapy involves dealing with the secondary complications of the disease. Medications and treatment include: high blood pressure medications, pain medications, antibiotics for urinary tract infections, and dialysis for kidney failure. Surgery is occasionally needed for large cysts causing damage to adjacent organs. For additional information contact the National Kidney and Urologic Diseases Information Clearinghouse at: http://www.kidney.niddk.nih.gov or call (800)891-5390.
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