Signs of Otitis media (Middle ear infection)

Description

Infection or inflammation of the middle ear causing a fluid build-up in the middle ear. The ear consists of the outer part which includes the ear lobe and ear canal, the middle ear containing the small bones of the ear, and the inner ear which has the labyrinth system that helps control balance. Otitis media is the most common cause of earaches. It is frequently caused by viral infections, but bacteria can be involved. Most infections heal on their own without antibiotics. A blocked eustacian tube (the tube that drains the middle ear into the throat) can increase the risk of acquiring the infection. The most common reason for a blocked eustacian tube is swelling or an infection of the throat.

Symptoms

Ear pain, fullness in the ear, feeling of general illness, vomiting, diarrhea, hearing loss in the affected ear, room spinning, dizziness. Infants may display increased fussiness, poor feeding, fever, crying.

Tests

A history and physical exam will be performed. Direct examination of the ear will demonstrate redness of the ear drum and fluid behind the ear.

Treatment

Most ear infections will clear up on their own without antibiotics. Antibiotics are prescribed for persistent symptoms. Pain medications, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications/NSAIDs (ibuprofen/Motrin or Advil, naproxen/Naprosyn) and acetaminophen (Tylenol) are administered for pain. A tube to drain the middle ear may be placed for severe or recurrent infections.