Signs of Myasthenia gravis

Description

An autoimmune muscle disorder characterized by progressive fatigue and weakness. The strength may be normal at the beginning of a task such as talking, then becomes progressively weak as the activity continues. Antibodies block, alter, or destroy the receptors for acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction preventing normal muscle contraction. It involves the muscles around the eyes, mouth, throat, and the extremities. It is more common in young females.

Symptoms

Muscle weakness, muscle weakness that becomes worse as the activity continues and returns after rest, double vision, slurred speech, swallowing problems.

Tests

A history and physical exam will be performed. The following tests are done to confirm the diagnosis: EMG, acetylcholine receptor antibodies, and/or Tensilon (edrophonium) test. A chest CT or MRI scan may be done to look for a thymus tumor (thymoma).

Standard Workup

CT Scan
MRI

Treatment

No known cure is available and treatment is aimed at reducing the weakness. Medications to increase the amount of acetylcholine at the muscle receptor are prescribed (neostigmine, pyridostigmine). Medications to suppress the immune system may be recommended (prednisone, azathioprine, cyclosporine, mycophenolate mofetil). Severe cases may require plasmapheresis or intravenous immunoglobulin. For more information contact: Myasthenia Gravis Foundation: (800)541-5454