Signs of Muscle spasm (Charley horse)

Description

A muscle spasm also known as a Charley horse typically occurs after vigorous exercise. The affected muscle contracts involuntarily and will not relax. It can occur in any muscle of the body but typically involves the legs, arms and neck. Other causes include dehydration and changes in a patient's body chemistry with abnormal levels of minerals. Changes in the potassium and calcium level are most frequent. More rarely muscle spasms can occur if the nerve supplying the muscle is injured or irritated.

Symptoms

Uncontrolled muscle contraction, pain in the muscles involved, inability to relax the muscle, loss of function of the muscle during the contraction, muscle twitching.

Tests

A history and physical will be done. Generally no other tests are done. If the healthcare provider suspects alterations in the body chemistry a blood test may be done. If an irritated nerve is suspected a MRI of the neck or back may be performed.

Standard Workup

Treatment

Typically stretching and massaging the muscle will allow the muscle to relax. Rest and better conditioning before repeating the exercise can prevent a repeat episode. If dehydration is present drinking fluids will prevent recurrence. Sports drinks are typically better for dehydration since they replenish some of the missing minerals in the body. If the spasms continue to occur or are severe the healthcare provider may evaluate the blood chemistry or look for an irritated nerve.