Signs of Mitral valve prolapse

Description

The mitral valve separates the upper and lower chambers on the left side of the heart (left atrium and left ventricle). The valve opens allowing blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle and then closes preventing blood from flowing backward. The mitral valve consists of two leaflets and prolapse occurs when these leaflets do not close properly. It is more common in young to middle age women. Most patients do not experience any symptoms. A small number can experience mitral regurgitation, palpitations, or chest pain.

Symptoms

Palpitations, chest pain, breathing problems after activity, fatigue, cough, shortness of breath when lying flat (orthopnea).

Tests

A history and physical exam will be performed. An echocardiogram establishes the diagnosis. Other tests may be done depending on the symptoms.

Standard Workup

CBC
Chem 12
Troponin
X-Ray
EKG
CT Scan
MRI
Ultrasound

Treatment

Therapy depends on the severity of the symptoms and options include medications and surgery. Beta blockers are administered to reduce the palpitations. Other medications are rarely prescribed and their use will depend on the symptoms being experienced. Surgery to repair or replace the valve may be needed for severe mitral regurgitation. For additional information contact the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Health Information Center at: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov or call (301)592-8573