Signs of Iron overdose

Description

Iron is a mineral and is found in many vitamin supplements particularly prenatal vitamins. Accidental and intentional ingestions can result in significant toxicity and death. This disorder is one of the leading causes of overdose deaths in children. Patients with this disorder initially experience gastrointestinal complaints such as vomiting and abdominal pain secondary to the corrosive effects of the iron. Iron also attacks the body's cells and prevents them from using oxygen. It is this damage to the cells that causes the most serious effects and occasional death.

Symptoms

4 stages of symptoms: Stage 1: Vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Stage 2: where symptoms resolve. Stage 3: low blood pressure, confusion, coma, breathing problems, seizures, fainting. Stage 4: intestinal obstruction.

Tests

A history and physical exam will be performed. Iron levels will be measured. Other blood tests to measure the body's chemistry and acid base status will be performed. An X-ray can demonstrate undigested iron in the GI tract.

Standard Workup

CBC
Chem 12
X-Ray
EKG
BHCG
UA

Treatment

Treatment includes: intravenous fluids for dehydration supportive care for gastrointestinal bleeding or shock, whole bowel irrigation to remove any undigested iron, and medications (desferoxamime, deferasirox) to reduce the iron levels in severe cases. For more information and help call your local poison center at 1-800-222-1222.