Intracranial Hemorrhage (Bleeding In Brain)
Description
A bleeding in the brain. Many are due to uncontrolled high blood pressure. Other causes include trauma, aneurysms, blood clotting disorders, or brain tumors (either primary or from metastasis).
Symptoms
Headache, nausea, vomiting, change in alertness (level of consciousness), vision changes, sensation changes, difficulty speaking, slurred speech, difficulty swallowing, difficulty writing or reading, movement changes, incoordination, loss of balance, seizure.
Tests
A history and physical exam will be performed. Imaging studies are performed to establish the diagnosis.
- CT Scan
Treatment
Treatment depends on the location, cause, and extent of the hemorrhage. Surgery may be necessary and is more likely if the bleeding is in the cerebellum. The cause of the bleeding must be reversed to prevent recurrence and may include: surgery to repair or remove structures causing the bleed (such as a cerebral aneurysm or arteriovenous malformation) and/or medicine to control blood pressure and bleeding problems. A diuretic (mannitol) may be given to reduce brain swelling, and anticonvulsants are sometimes given to prevent seizures.
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