Cryptorchidism (Undescended Testicle)
Description
Disorder occurs when one or both testicles fail to move down into the scrotum (the sac next to the penis) before birth. Cryptorchidism is also called undescended testicle. It is more common in premature births, and occurs in 2-5% of male births. Most cases resolve on their own, but at times surgery is needed.
Symptoms
There are usually no symptoms. Adult males with an undescended testicle may have problems with infertility.
Tests
A history and physical exam will be performed. Once the testicle is not felt in the scrotum additional tests may be needed to locate the testicle in the groin or abdomen.
- Ultrasound
- MRI
Treatment
The testicle usually moves down into the scrotum during the first year of life without treatment. Hormone therapy using BHCG (human chorionic gonadotropin), GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone) or testosterone is sometimes used to encourage this movement. Medications may be prescribed as well. Surgery is needed for persistent cases to prevent damage and infertility.
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