Colon Polyps (Large Intestine Polyps)
Description
Small outward growths in the large intestine (colon). They are usually harmless although some will turn into cancers and rarely they can bleed. Polyps are more common in patients with the following characteristics: eat low fiber diets, family history of polyps, overweight, cigarette smoker, over 50 years old or family history of colon cancer. Rarely patients can have numerous polyps that run in families called familial adenomatous polyposis. The incidence of these polyps becoming cancer is quite high and many doctors recommend removal of the colon to prevent cancer.
Symptoms
Rectal bleeding, bloody stools, maroon stools. Rarely large polyps can cause a bowel obstruction leading to abdominal pain, abdominal distension and constipation.
Tests
A history and physical exam will be done. A colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy will be done to make the diagnosis. Special CT scans can diagnose polyps as well.
- Colonoscopy
- CT Scan
Treatment
Polyps generally are removed and examined under a microscope to detect early cancer and to prevent the polyps from becoming cancer later. Most polyps can be removed through the scope the doctor uses to identify the polyps (colonoscopy). Rarely a polyp is too large to be removed during colonoscopy and surgery is required. If a patient has familial adenomatous polyposis complete colon removal is recommended.
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