Allergic Reaction
Description
An abnormal response of the immune system of the body to some type of foreign substance. The substance that triggers the allergic reaction is called an allergen. Initial contact with the allergen does not produce any symptoms. However, with time the immune system begins to form antibodies to the allergen, and future interactions with the allergen trigger more dramatic responses. The response to these sensitizing allergens varies from mild sneezing to respiratory difficulty, shock, and death
Symptoms
Hives, other rashes, itching, swelling, mouth swelling, throat swelling, wheezing, breathing problems, vomiting, fainting, low blood pressure, death.
Tests
A history and physical exam will be performed. Allergy testing may be done to determine the allergen causing the reaction.
Treatment
Therapy depends on the severity of the symptoms. Treatment includes: antihistamines (diphehydramine/Benadryl), steroids, histamine 2 blockers (cimetidine/Tagamet, ranitidine/Zantac), epinephrine, intravenous fluids, and/or oxygen. One must avoid the cause of the reaction.
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